i and Miass rivers, which mapped the rivers, ore deposits and accurately identified the places convenient for the construction of factories. The leaders in the construction of factories in the Southern Urals within the modern Chelyabinsk region were the Simbirsk merchants I. B. and Ya. B. Tverdyshev and I. S. Myasnikov. However, no fewer factories were built by the efforts of the Tula merchants Mosolov, L. I. Luginin, and the privy councilor, nobleman N. N. Demidov. The toponymic names of the built South Ural factories are associated with three reasons. First, the factories were located in the area of the ancestral lands of the Bashkir population, so the names were given: Annunciation, Resurrection, Transfiguration, Trinity, Zlatoust, Peter and Paul, i. e. in honor of Christian holidays and Saints; secondly, the all-Russian tradition of naming settlements in honor of their heavenly patrons played a role: Nyase-Petrovsky, Avzyano Petrovsky, Kano-Nikolsky, Katav-Ivanovsky plant and, thirdly, in honor of the geographical titles: Simsky, Minyarsky, Azyash-Ufa, etc. In the XVIII century, 18 factories were built in the Southern Urals (within the modern Chelyabinsk region), which produced high-grade metal, which made it possible to satisfy not only their internal needs, but also to send it to the European and Central Asian markets. The first metallurgical plants that emerged on the territory of the present-day Chelyabinsk Region were the Kaslinsky and Nyase-Petrovsky plants. Kaslinsky was founded in 1746 by the Tula merchant Ya. R. Korobkov and in 1748 or 1749 the plant produced its first products, 2 and in 1751 it was sold to N. N. Demidov. Nyase-Petrovsky – in 1747 Balakhninsky merchant P. I. Osokin, who in 1748 smelted the first metal, and in 1751 sold it to the Mosolovs. T
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