ogical finds indicate that in the middle of the second millennium BC, products made of Ural metal appeared in the Volga region, the Black Earth region, competing with the products of the Caucasus and the Carpathians. For a long time, the remains of ancient mines, the so-called "Peipsi mines", were the landmarks for the miners and ore miners. The most ancient finds in the Urals are stone molds designed for casting weapons and household items. The indigenous population of the Urals before the arrival of the Russians-Bashkirs, Siberian Tatars, Mansi, lived mainly along the rivers. They were mainly engaged in hunting, fishing, beekeeping, less often in agriculture and cattle breeding.
At the beginning of the 17th century, Chernaya and Tsvetnaya were the main complexes of the Chelyabinsk region, the guarantor of its economic and political well-being. In addition to the new industries that have appeared in recent years, the metallurgical complex is an old industrial complex, the foundations of which were laid in the middle of the XVIII century. The Soviet modernization radically changed the position of Russia and brought it to the number of world powers, one of the components of which was the creation of a large mining (metallurgical) industry in the Urals. The industrial vector, which first affected the territory of the Middle Urals, spread to the Southern Urals in the mid-1740s. The delay in construction was due to the difficult political situation in Bashkiria, the ban on the purchase of Bashkir lands, as well as the sparsely populated region. The Orenburg expedition (commission) was able to cut this Gordian knot of contradictions, which allowed us to start the process of industrial development of the riches of the Southern Urals and the construction of meta
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