SOME WORDS ABOUT METALLURGY
Metallurgy is one of the oldest of arts but one of the youn - gest of sciences. Many of our metals were known in ancient times, but it is only within the last century or two that the knowledge of the properties of the metals has made it possible to apply them in any extended way for industrial pur - poses.
With the development of physics of metals, metallography, theory of heat treatment, and other phases of the science of metals, the field of metallurgy has broadened.
Metallurgy in this broader sense falls into three divisions: chemical or extractive, physical and mechanical. Chemical me - tallurgy includes the metallurgical processes involving chemi - cal change and the methods of production and refining.
Physical metallurgy deals with the nature, structure, and physical properties of metals and alloys.
Mechanical metallurgy includes the processes of working and shaping metals -- processes which do not involve chemical changes.
NOTES AND COMMENTARY
art - зд. ремесло
in ancient times - в ранние времена, в старину
within the last century - за последнее столетие
has made it possible - сделало озможным
in this broader sence falls into - в этом более широком значении делится на
deals with - рассматривает
EXERCISES
Find in the text the English equivalents of these Russian word combinations.
в промышленных целях
применять
метод производства
очищение от примесей, улучшение качества
свойства металлов
теория термической обработки
в широком смысле
химическое изменение
включать
сплавы
обработка
извлекать
Answer the questions.
What phases of the science of metals do you know?
What does physical meta
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