The Chuvash Republic is the homeland of three cosmonauts: the third Soviet cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolaev, Heroes of the Russian Federation Nilolay Budarin and Musa Manarov.
Andriyan Nikolaev was born in the village of Shorshely of Mariinsko Posadski district of the Chuvash Republic into the family of a collective farmer. His father died early. He has two brothers and a sister. It was very difficult for their mother Anna Alekseevna to grow them up. Andriyan was clever, brave and curious. His favorite subjects were Physics and Mathematics.
After school he began to study at a technical secondary school in Mariinskiy Posad and became a forestry expert. In 1947 he began to work in Kareliya.
In 1951 he entered Chernigov flying school and became a pilot. In 1960 Andriyan Nikolaev joined the first group of Soviet cosmonauts.
On August 11, 1962 spaceship Vostok-3 piloted by Andriyan Nikolaev flew into space. Nikolaev was the first person to make a television broadcast from space in August, 1962. Andriyan Nikolaevs flight lasted four days. Andriyan Nikolaev flew on two space flights: Vostok - 3 and Soyuz - 9. On 1-19 June, 1970, he flew on space flight Soyuz - 9 together with Vitali Sevastyanov. For the first time two cosmonauts made the longest flight in space.
On November 3, 1963, Andriyan Nikolaev married Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman to fly in space. They had one daughter, Elena (the first child in the world whose parents were both cosmonauts).
In 2004, Nikolaev died of a heart attack in Cheboksary, the capital of Chuvashia. Nikolaev was buried in his native village of Shorshely.
Andriyan Nikolaev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (twice), two Orders of Lenin, Two Gold Star Medals, and Order of the Re
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